What is Mental Health: Types, Symptoms & More
Experts & Organizations
Let’s begin with the very basic question, “Why mental health matters?”
What Is the Importance of Mental Health?
Mental health plays a vital role in our overall well-being. It influences how we think, feel, build relationships, and navigate challenges. When our mental health is supported, we’re often more resilient, more engaged in life, and better equipped to cope with stress. Conversely, when we’re struggling mentally, even everyday tasks can feel overwhelming.
The Stigma Surrounding Mental Health
Mental health and societal well-being are deeply interconnected. When mental health needs go unmet, it can lead to broader effects, such as reduced workplace productivity, increased pressure on healthcare services, and additional demands on public institutions like law enforcement and the justice system. In contrast, promoting mental wellness can lead to healthier communities, a stronger economy, and an improved quality of life for all.
Mental Health Awareness Month
Raising awareness is a powerful step in reducing stigma. By encouraging open dialogue and replacing misconceptions with empathy and education, we can create a culture where seeking support is viewed as a sign of strength. Mental health is not just an individual concern; it’s a collective responsibility. Through understanding and support, we can build a more inclusive and resilient society.
What are the Causes of Mental Health Problems?
- Life Experiences: According to the American Psychological Association (APA), childhood trauma is one of the major causes of mental health issues. In addition, abuse or grief of losing someone also contributes to the issue. These experiences leave a lasting impact on the patients.
- Social Factors: Studies from Harvard Medical School state that factors like social isolation, poverty, and lack of support can contribute to mental health issues. Social factors also include ethnic issues, racial criticism, public abuse, etc.
- Substance Abuse: Misusing drugs or alcohol is a major risk factor for developing mental health problems (source: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)). When such additions are not fulfilled, patients can get depressed and sick.
- Biological Factors: Research published in journals like Nature Neuroscience suggests that genetics can also lead to mental health issues.
Facts & Stats About Mental Health
Over 300 Million People Suffer from Depression
A study published by the United Nations (UN) shows that depression is affecting more than 300 million people worldwide.
50% of Mental Health Conditions Begin by Age 14
According to NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health), 50% of mental health conditions start by the age of 14, and 75% by the age of 24.
1 in 4 Encounters Depression
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 1 in 4 people globally experience some form of depression at some point in their lives.
Suicide is the 2nd Cause of Death Worldwide
The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) reports that suicide is one of the biggest causes of death among youngsters aged 15-29. This surprisingly means that every 40 seconds, someone commits suicide.
Mental Health Conditions Cost the Global Economy Trillions
The MHI estimates that mental health disorders cost the global economy $5 trillion annually, a figure that is expected to increase to $16 trillion by 2030.
90% of Suicide Victims Have a Mental Illness
According to the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP), 90% of those who die by suicide have a mental health condition.
Women Experience More Mental Health Disorders
NIMH states that, as compared to men, women usually suffer more and are twice as likely to be diagnosed with depression.
Children’s Mental Health Disorders are Rising
The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry says that out of every 1 child out of 5 is suffering from depression. Early mental health intervention is important to prevent these issues.
Workplace Stress Causes Mental Health Issues
According to the American Psychological Association, 60-80% of workplace injuries are related to stress, and workers suffering from mental health issues often report lower job satisfaction, absenteeism, and decreased productivity.
What are the Main Types of Mental Health Issues?
Mental Health issues are divided into three main categories:
Mood Disorders
Depression is a feeling of sadness and lack of interest in everything that can last for days, months or weeks. Biopolar, on the other hand, is defined as a disorder that involves a series of manic episodes (high) and depression (deep lows)
Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders
These disorders are feelings of fear and tension. Examples include: Generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Such mental health issues can prevent the patient from participating in important tasks, which can result in poor performance in academics or the work environment.
Psychotic and Cognitive Disorders
| Category | Mental Health Issue | Symptoms | When to Seek Professional Help | How to Cope (General Strategies) |
| Psychotic and Cognitive Disorders | Schizophrenia | Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, emotional instability, social withdrawal | Immediately. These symptoms indicate a severe mental health crisis that requires immediate professional help. Like, psychiatric assessment and medication. | Follow prescribed medication + Maintain a consistent daily routine + Avoid substance abuse + engage in supportive therapy |
| Dementia | Memory loss, confusion, difficulty with daily tasks, personality changes | Immediately. Consult with a neurologist or geriatric psychiatrist. | Maintain a stable environment + Establish routines + Engage in cognitive stimulation | |
| Delirium | Confusion, disorientation, difficulty with memory, attention, and perception | Immediately. Delirium is a sign of an underlying medical emergency. Urgent medical evaluation is important to identify and treat the cause. | Treat the underlying medical cause + Ensure safety | |
| Mood Disorders | Depression | Persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, fatigue, trouble concentrating, feelings of worthlessness | When symptoms persist and impact daily life. If symptoms last for more than two weeks. | Establish a regular sleep schedule + Engage in physical Activity + Practice stress management (e.g., meditation) |
| Bipolar Disorder | Extreme mood swings (mania and depression), impulsivity, irritability | Immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to manage mood episodes. Psychiatric consultation is important. | Build a health routine + Prioritize healthy sleep hygiene + Perform stress control exercises | |
| Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders | Anxiety Disorders | Excessive worry, restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, physical symptoms like rapid heartbeat | When symptoms become persistent. If anxiety causes distress, impacts relationships, work, or daily activities. | Practice relaxation techniques + Engage in regular exercise + Limit caffeine and sugar |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) | Flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, avoidance of reminder, emotional numbness | Immediately. Therapy (like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy or EMDR) is highly effective. | Follow treatment plan (medication and/or therapy) + Take care of yourself (rest, diet, exercise) + Stay connected with supportive people | |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) | Recurrent, intrusive thoughts, compulsive behaviours, and rituals to reduce anxiety | Immediately. Therapy (Exposure and Response Prevention) and sometimes medication are important. | Engage in CBT (Exposure and Response Prevention) + Practice stress management techniques. |
Note: Research from The Mayo Clinic shows that the symptoms should not be ignored, and timely intervention can prevent further complications.
How to Improve and Maintain Mental Health?
- Seeking Professional Help: Therapy, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), is effective in treating depression, anxiety, and other disorders (source: National Library of Medicine).
- Exercise: The Lancet Psychiatry says that physical activity can improve one’s mental health. That’s because exercise releases endorphins, which enhance mood and reduce stress. You can go out for a run when feeling anxious or depressed, or follow meditation exercises on a daily basis to balance your happy hormones.
- Healthy Diet: Research in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition shows that omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish, can improve brain function and reduce symptoms of depression. So, build a healthy diet and don’t forget to intake essential nutrients.
- Sleep: Adequate sleep is critical for mental health. The National Sleep Foundation suggests that sleep deprivation can negatively affect mood, cognitive abilities, and emotional regulation.
- Social Connections: The National Institute of Health (NIH) and other health organizations give special importance to building relationships with positive people. This plays an important role in feeling valued and heard.
Summing Up
Mental health issues are growing concerns in today’s era. People of all ages, starting from 14 onwards, undergo mental stress to some extent. It’s surprising how these issues start from an early age and, if not treated on time, can lead to serious health issues. If you notice any of the symptoms listed above, don’t wait and schedule your appointment with a therapist right away.
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FAQs
What is PHP in mental health?
PHP is an acronym for “Partial Hospitalization Program.” It’s a specialized program used to treat serious mental health issues where the patient stays at home but attends the hospital for 7 days a week. The concept was proposed by a Canadian psychiatrist, Dr. Albert Edward Moll.
What is a mental health counsellor?
A mental health counsellor is more of a therapist who listens to your problems and digs deeper into the causes of your issues. They provide emotional support and space for people to open up, especially those suffering from anxiety, depression, and other related issues. They also recommend a psychiatrist in cases of serious issues.
What is Mental Health Awareness Month?
Mental health awareness is celebrated in the month of May. Starting from the 1st and ending on the last day of the month, therapists and psychiatrists from all around the world conduct expos, podcasts, virtual sessions, and lectures on the importance of mental well-being. The goal is to break down the societal stigma against mental health crises and build a supportive environment for patients.
What is the colour for mental health awareness?
Green is the special colour representing mental health. The colour associated with harmony, peace, and nature, which promotes feelings of relaxation and calmness.
Which is men’s mental health month?
Men’s mental health is celebrated in November. This is why the month is often referred to as Movemeber (where “m” symbolizes men).
What’s the form 2 Mental Health Act?
The Form 2 Mental Health Act is a legal document that is signed by judicial authorities stating that the mentally depressed patient needs immediate professional help. Family members, friends, or social workers can get these documents signed by the authorities. The act is used for people who aren’t aware of their illness or don’t want to have a treatment. Once the document is signed, the patient can be taken to the hospital if he/she shows no willingness.